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December 2011 |
CIE 202:2011 ISBN
978 3 902842 26 8
Spectral Responsivity Measurement of Detectors, Radiometers and
Photometers
This Technical Report gives recommendations for spectral radiant
power, irradiance and radiance responsivity measurement of single
element detectors in the 200 nm to 2 500 nm wavelength range. It
covers measurement setups and methods, summarizes the types and
basic properties of typical detectors, radiometers and photometers
and gives guidance on how to choose a reference detector. Spectral
considerations for source and radiometer applications, detector
amplifier application issues and measurement uncertainties are described.
Primary detector standards and procedures for the realization of
units and responsivity functions are the responsibility of national
metrology institutes and are not discussed in this report. This
Technical Report was written to update Technical Report CIE 64-1984
Determination of the Spectral Responsivity of Optical Radiation
Detectors with respect to device and measurement technology, and
to include spectral irradiance and radiance responsivity measurements
for radiometers and photometers from the ultraviolet wavelength
range up to 2 500 nm.
This publication supersedes CIE 64-1984 Determination of the Spectral
Responsivity of Optical Radiation Detectors.
The publication is written in English, with a short summary in
French and German. It consists of 82 pages with 41 figures and is
readily available at the National Committees of the CIE or at the
web shop of the CIE (www.techstreet.com/cgi-bin/joint.cgi/cie).
The price of this publication is EUR 135,-.
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 66,7 % discount.)
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November 2011 |
CIE 201:2011 ISBN
978 3 902842 39 8
Recommendations on Minimum Levels of Solar UV Exposure
The Proceedings of the 27th Session of the CIE comprise two
volumes.
This Technical Report addresses the issue of sensible exposure
to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The scientific evidence of
beneficial effects of solar exposure has been reviewed, in particular
on the incidence and mortality to cancers other than skin cancer.
Although the evidence is not unequivocal, the committee has found
considerable evidence to deem it plausible that solar exposure may
reduce the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer. The evidence
for similar effects on breast and prostate cancer and on melanoma
is less, but such effects are considered as plausible, too. Possibly
the production of vitamin D plays a role in this respect.
Based on a review of the evidence of both the beneficial and the
harmful effects of solar exposures it is concluded that people should
not shun the sun, even not at noon. However, levels well below sunburn
thresholds are generally sufficient to profit from the beneficial
effects of solar exposure. Public health guidance should be developed
on the basis of this evidence, but account should also be taken
of prevailing solar UV levels that depend on latitude and time of
the year and day. Special guidance may be necessary for dark skinned
people that live at moderate latitudes and people that cover most
of their bodies for cultural or religious reasons. The same holds
for people who stay most of the time indoors.
The amount of solar exposure commensurate with good health depends
on individual and population characteristics, as indicated above.
To facilitate public health guidance it is recommended to extend
the concept of the UV index promulgated by the World Health Organization
to include the beneficial effects of solar exposure.
The report is split into two parts: The first part (Part I) gives
guidance for a sensible exposure regime to profit from beneficial
health impacts from moderate solar (UV) exposure, the second part
(Part II) is a review of scientific data that underpin the guidance
in Part I.
The publication is written in English, with a short summary in
French and German. It consists of 88 pages with 4 figures and 20
tables and is readily available at the National Committees of the
CIE or at the web shop of the CIE (www.techstreet.com/cgi-bin/joint.cgi/cie).
The price of this publication is EUR 108,-.
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 66,7 % discount.)
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October 2011 |
CIE 197:2011
Proceedings of the 27th Session of the CIE Sun City, South Africa,
9 - 16 July 2011
The Proceedings of the 27th Session of the CIE comprise two
volumes.
Volume 1, subdivided into two parts, contains on 1230 pages the
texts of the Invited Papers, Presented Papers and Posters presented
at the Session as well as the Introductions to the Workshops. This
Volume is already available at the National Committees of the CIE
or at the web shop of the CIE (http://www.techstreet.com/cgi-bin/joint.cgi/cie).
Volume 2 contains the official reports of the administrative and
technical meetings of the Session, thus presenting an overview on
the technical work in CIE achieved during the quadrennium. It will
be provided by end of 2011. (Purchasers of the publication will
be notified as soon as Volume 2 is available.)
The publication is written in English, with a short summary in
French and German. It consists of 21 pages with 5 figures and 1
table and is readily available at the National Committees of the
CIE or via the website of the Central Bureau of the CIE (www.cie.co.at).
The price of this publication in electronic format (PDF) is EUR
108,-.
A printed version is available on request for EUR 300,-.
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 66,7 % discount.)
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October 2011 |
CIE 200:2011
CIE Supplementary System of Photometry
The CIE Supplementary System of Photometry, which evaluates
lights in terms of comparative brightness relationship at any level,
is described. The system introduces the concept of equivalent luminance
to describe brightness of a light or an object at any level including
mesopic levels. The system develops a photometric model to calculate
brightness-related equivalent luminance by using three components
of existing photometric and colorimetric quantities (photopic luminance,
L, scotopic luminance, LŚ, and chromatic contribution to brightness,
c, i.e. brightness-to-luminance ratio (B/L)) with some weighting
factors in their combinations that depend on the adaptation level.
The use of the system and an example of calculation are also described.
Results of testing the system with experimental brightness matching
data are given in an appendix.
The publication is written in English, with a short summary in
French and German. It consists of 21 pages with 5 figures and 1
table and is readily available at the National Committees of the
CIE or via the website of the Central Bureau of the CIE (www.cie.co.at).
The price of this publication is EUR 108,-
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 66,7% discount)
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August 2011 |
CIE Standard S 017/E:2011
ILV: International Lighting Vocabulary
CIE has published Standard CIE S 017/E:2011 ILV: International
Lighting Vocabulary.
This new edition of the International Lighting Vocabulary (ILV)
is the result of intensive work carried out by the Divisions of
the CIE to update, and supplement where necessary, the contents
of the previous edition (1987). Many new terms have been added,
to reflect changes in technologies and practices, existing terms
have been updated as necessary, and obsolete terms have been removed.
The aim of this edition of the International Lighting Vocabulary
is to promote international standardization in the use of quantities,
units, symbols and terminology related to the science and art of
light and lighting, colour and vision, photobiology and image technology.
This vocabulary provides the definitions and essential information
necessary for the understanding and correct usage of the terms included.
It does not give extensive detail or explanations of the application
of these terms; such information, relevant for experts in each specialized
field, is available in the Technical Reports and Standards produced
by the CIE.
For this new edition it was decided to restructure the vocabulary
to a fully alphabetical arrangement (based on the English terms),
without any division into sections or sub-sections. This decision
was taken in order to simplify the ILV and aid its use.
The Standard comprises 203 pages and presents the definitions of
1448 terms related to light and lighting. It is readily available
at the National Committees of the CIE or via the website of the
Central Bureau of the CIE (www.cie.co.at).
Price of this Standard: EUR 297,-
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 66,7% discount)
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July 2011 |
Determination of Measurement Uncertainties in Photometry
CIE 198:2011 ISBN
978 3 902842 00 8
This report is a recommendation for the determination of measurement
uncertainties associated with the values of selected quantities
in photometry. The report explains the steps from the initial procedures
for a measurement of input quantities to a final statement of the
output values with associated expanded uncertainties. The main part
summarises the fundamental definitions for the evaluation of standard,
combined and expanded uncertainties following the rules in the internationally
agreed "Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurements"
(GUM) and its supplement 1. In conjunction with this report supplements,
with a wide selection of examples, provide guidance on how to model
measurement procedures in a measurement equation, combine uncertainties
in a budget and convert to the presentation of expanded uncertainty.
The publication is written in English, with a short summary in
French and German. It consists of 30 pages with 3 figures and 2
tables and is readily available at the National Committees of the
CIE or via the website of the Central Bureau of the CIE (www.cie.co.at).
The price of this publication is EUR 135,-
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 66,7% discount)
The report is supplemented by the publication CIE 198-SP1 Determination
of Measurement Uncertainties in Photometry - Modules and Examples
for the Determination of Measurement Uncertainties, which is divided
into 4 parts.
Further Supplements are to follow. Thus a subscription to the CIE
Newsletter (http://www.cie.co.at/index.php/LEFTMENUE/CIE+Newsletter)
is highly recommended to stay updated.
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July 2011 |
Colorimetry - Part 3: CIE Tristimulus Values
CIE Standard S 014-3/E:2011
Colour stimuli with different spectral distributions can look alike.
An important function of colorimetry is to determine which stimuli
look alike to a given observer with a given set of colour-matching
functions. This is done by calculating a set of three tristimulus
values for each stimulus. Equality of tristimulus values indicates
equality of colour appearance under equal irradiation and viewing
conditions. This Standard is based on long-standing CIE recommendations
(CIE15:2004 Colorimetry, 3rd edition) for the calculation of tristimulus
values. It specifies methods of calculating the tristimulus values
of colour stimuli for which the spectral distributions are provided.
These colour stimuli may be produced by self-luminous light sources
or by reflecting or transmitting objects.
The standard method is defined as summation at 1 nm intervals over
the wavelength range from 360 nm to 830 nm. Alternative abridged
methods are defined for larger intervals (up to 5 nm) and shorter
ranges (down to 380 nm to 780 nm). The alternative methods are to
be used only when appropriate and when the user has reviewed the
impact on the final results.
The Standard may be used in conjunction with the CIE 1931 standard
colorimetric observer or the CIE 1964 standard colorimetric observer.
The Standard has been approved by the CIE National Committees.
It is readily available at the National Committees of the CIE or
via the website of the Central Bureau of the CIE (www.cie.co.at).
The price of this publication is EUR 72,--
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 66,7% discount)
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May 2011 |
Vehicle Headlighting Systems Photometric Performance - Method
of Assessment
New Standard CIE S 021/E:2011
This Standard specifies a method to consistently assess the photometric
performance of vehicle headlighting systems to enable the performance
of different systems to be compared. The requirements are given
in relation to road scene illumination and the limitation of glare,
and the performance is assessed using parameters relevant to lane
guidance and the detection of pedestrians and objects.
The Standard includes a measurement and calculation procedure.
It does not specify the format of an assessment report.
The Standard is written in English and has been approved by CIE
National Committees. It is readily available at the National Committees
of the CIE or via the website of the Central Bureau of the CIE (www.cie.co.at).
The price of this publication is EUR 135,--
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 66,7% discount)
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April 2011 |
CIE Guide to increasing accessibility in Light and Lighting
CIE 196:2011 ISBN 978 3 901906 94 7
This guide was written for lighting designers and engineers, as
well as scientists of light, colour, and vision to assist them in
taking account of the needs of older persons and persons with disabilities.
The guide was developed in accordance with ISO/IEC Guide 71:2001
Guidelines for standard developers to address the needs of older
persons and persons with disabilities and its technical guidelines
ISO/TR 22411:2008 Ergonomics data and guidelines for the application
of ISO/IEC Guide 71 to products and services to address the needs
of older persons and persons with disabilities in order to implement
accessible design in the field of light and lighting. Some content
has been shared with those two documents. The guide was prepared
by a Working Group (Ad-hoc) in the CIE Board of Administration in
cooperation with TC 1-54 Age-related change of visual response
and TC 3-44 Lighting for the elderly.
The publication is written in English, with a short summary in
French and German. It consists of 63 pages with 20 figures and 11
tables and is readily available at the National Committees of the
CIE or via the website of the Central Bureau of the CIE (www.cie.co.at).
The price of this publication is EUR 219,--
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 66,7% discount)
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April 2011 |
Specification of Colour Appearance for Reflective Media and
Self-Luminous Display Comparisons
Background Information Relating to the Development of the
CIECAM02 Colour Appearance Model
CIE 195:2011 ISBN 978 3 901906 93 0
This Technical Report summarizes the body of work conducted by
CIE Technical Committee 1-27 Specification of Colour Appearance
for Reflective Media and Self-Luminous Display Comparisons from
1990 until 2001. After compiling data from researchers around the
world and studying various forms of colour appearance models to
predict results from hardcopy/softcopy matching experiments under
a variety of viewing conditions, it was discovered that the same
colour appearance model would not consistently or adequately predict
the visual results. In 2001, all CIE TC1-27 results were passed
along to CIE TC 8-01, Colour Appearance Modeling for Colour Management
Systems. This Technical Committee within Division 8 formulated an
effective colour appearance model by combining the best features
of the colour appearance models that were studied by CIE TC1-27.
The result was the development of the CIECAM02 colour appearance
model.
The publication is written in English, with a short summary in
French and German. It consists of 46 pages with 28 figures and 14
tables and is readily available at the National Committees of the
CIE or via the website of the Central Bureau of the CIE (www.cie.co.at).
The price of this publication is EUR 66,--
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 66,7% discount)
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February 2011 |
On Site Measurement of the Photometric Properties of Road and
Tunnel Lighting
CIE 194:2011 ISBN 978 3 901906 92 3
This Technical Report gives the information which designers and
users of automatic systems intended to measure the photometric properties
of road and tunnel lighting systems need in order to understand
the performance of such systems. The main aim of this guide is to
clearly define and describe the technical limitations and characteristics
of these measurement systems. In this way the advantages and disadvantages
of the technical solutions adopted in different systems can be assessed.
Their measurement uncertainty can be evaluated and discrepancies
understood when the measurement results are compared with those
obtained by manual systems or by theoretical evaluations from mathematical
algorithms and/or computer simulations. The guide concentrates on
systems that measure horizontal illuminance and luminance on road
surfaces but much of the guidance is relevant to other quantities
and measurement conditions. The guide is divided into two parts:
- Review of essential photometric quantities where differences
between their physical or normative definition, their mathematical
evaluation and their measurable approximation are highlighted
(Clause 2 and Clause 3);
- Review of the types and characteristics of instruments, the
conditions and methodologies of measurements, the evaluation of
uncertainty in measurement results and data elaboration (Clause
5, Clause 6 and Clause 7).
The publication is written in English, with a short summary in
French and German. It consists of 90 pages with 45 figures and
6 tables and is readily available at the National Committees of
the CIE or via the website of the Central Bureau of the CIE (www.cie.co.at).
The publication is written in English, with a short summary in
French and German. It consists of 90 pages with 45 figures and 60
tables, and is readily available at the National Committees of the
CIE or via the website of the Central Bureau of the CIE (www.cie.co.at).
The price of this publication is EUR 192,--
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 66,7% discount)
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December 2010 |
Emergency Lighting in Road Tunnels
CIE 193:2010 ISBN 978 3 901906 91 6
This report makes recommendations for emergency lighting in road
tunnels longer than 500 m, to facilitate the safe evacuation of
vehicle occupants in emergency situations such as fire. The recommendations
may also be valid for tunnels less than 500 m in length, where conditions
such as high traffic volume, or severe curvature or gradient apply.
It The report addresses the fundamental issues of emergency lighting
for evacuation routes, emergency exits, escape routes and lay-bys,
as well as giving some practical advice regarding aspects of installation
and maintenance in road tunnels. It recommends lighting levels and
general provisions for emergency lighting installations that, based
on experience, are considered to be necessary for the safety of
people driving through road tunnels in case of an incident and particularly
of fire. However, as there are different types of road tunnels,
both in construction and traffic conditions and various types of
incidents may occur, this report should be considered as a list
of minimum recommendations for emergency lighting in tunnels, to
be completed by means of specific risk analysis for the particular
tunnel.
This report is intended to be used in conjunction with CIE 88 (2nd
revision 2004 or any further revision) or with elevant Regional
or National standards, directives and regulations for road tunnel
lighting. The latter may include requirements that differ from the
recommendations of this report, and take priority over them. Before
following the recommendations of the report in a particular location,
the existence of any relevant legal requirements should be investigated.
The publication is written in English, with a short summary in
French and German. It consists of 14 pages with 7 figures and is
readily available at the National Committees of the CIE or via the
website of the Central Bureau of the CIE (www.cie.co.at).
The price of this publication is EUR 66,--
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 66,7% discount)
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December 2010 |
Practical Daylight Sources for Colorimetry
CIE 192:2010 ISBN 978 3 901906 90 9
This publication discusses the state-of-the-art of practical daylight
sources for colorimetry. It provides information on these lamps
and devices used for illumination in the visual evaluation and instrumental
measurement of non-fluorescent and fluorescent specimens.
Suppliers of lamps, booths and spectrophotometers provided some
of the data on daylight sources. TC members and advisors at four
institutions measured the rest. These institutions are the University
of Derby (UK), the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (Hong Kong,
China), the University of Pannonia (Veszprém, Hungary) and SENAI/CETIQT
(Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).
The report concludes from these data that practical daylight sources
are commercially available that satisfy the criteria of the relevant
national and international standards for both visual evaluation
and instrumental measurement. Filtered tungsten, filtered xenon
and fluorescent lamps currently provide the best results for visual
evaluation. Pulsed filtered xenon provides the best results for
instrumental measurements. Light-emitting diode (LED) sources may
appear as viable alternatives for both applications in the not too
distant future.
Standardization of any particular source as "best representing
daylight" is not recommended. There are significant differences
between the spectral properties of the sources currently used in
visual evaluation and the sources used in instrumental measurement.
These differences produce large differences in the rendering of
colours of specimens, especially fluorescent specimens.
The publication is written in English, with a short summary in
French and German. It consists of 39 pages with 14 figures and 10
tables, and is readily available at the National Committees of the
CIE or via the website of the Central Bureau of the CIE (www.cie.co.at).
The price of this publication is EUR 108,--
(Members of the National Committees of the CIE get 50% discount)
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